2 Abstract 22 The objectives of the current study were first to investigate the prevalence rates of 23 Salmonella spp. in the buffalo meat and edible offal (round, masseter muscles, liver, 24 kidney, and trimmings) retailed in Zagazig city, Egypt. Second, serological identification of 25 the isolated Salmonella spp., was followed. Third, screening of antimicrobial sensitivity 26 testing of the identified Salmonella Typhimurium was done using the disk diffusion assay. 27 Finally, the inhibitory effects of rosemary and olive oils against Salmonella Typhimurium 28 were investigated. The obtained results in the present study revealed isolation of 29 Salmonella spp., from the examined round, masseter muscles, liver, kidney, and trimmings 30 at 15%, 25%, 35%, 25%, and 50%, respectively. Serological identification of Salmonella 31 spp. revealed recovery of six serotypes namely, S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. 32 Kentucky, S. Inganda, S. Apeyeme, and S. Anatum from the examined samples at variable 33 rates. The overall isolation rates of these serotypes were 26.64%, 29.97%, 16.65%, 9.99% 34 9.99%, and 6.66%, respectively. Salmonella Typhimurium isolates had clear multidrug 35 resistance profiles. Rosemary and olive oils at 0.1%, and 0.5% could significantly reduce S. 36 Typhimurium in an experimental trial in a concentration-dependent phenomenon. 37 38 Keywords: Buffalo meat; offal; Salmonella spp.; rosemary; olive oils 39 40