This study was performed to determine the influence of the Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) on rats as the antidiabetic factor. Some biochemical parameters and histological were realizated in this study. Also antioxidant activities were performed. Hypoglycemic activity of the seeds oil extract was realizated at 100 mg/kg b.w. dose level in the treated rats with streptozotocin (STZ). In comparison between Glucophage as hypoglycemic drug and the seeds oil extract was studied. Oral administration of Peganum harmala seeds oil extract modulated the diabetic elevation in the level of blood glucose and alpha amylase activity revealing the anti-hyperglycemic. Seeds oil extract effectively decreased the total cholesterol, total lipids and triglycerides levels with consequence decrease in alpha amylase activity. Furthermore, it decreased lipid peroxidation product MD and increased the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. It could be concluded that the current P. harmala has many benefit procedures in controlling blood glucose and harmful results induced in pancreas and liver and may be select as a natural antidiabetic drug.