The resource-constrained nature of WSNs require efcient use of resources, especially
energy, to prolong their lifetime. Clustering is one of the popular approaches to allocate the
resources efciently among the WSN nodes. In this work, we analyze the problem of round
length determination in cluster based WSN which has severe impact on the energy efciency. This problem is very important since round length determines how often the cluster
head (CH) rotates or re-clustering process occurs. A longer round length will cause the
CH nodes to operate for a long time and drain their energies faster than other nodes resulting in uneven energy consumption in the network, while a shorter round length results in
considerable wastage of energy due to frequent running of the setup phase. Hence, we propose an adaptive and dynamic mechanism for round length determination in cluster based
WSNs by adapting Behavior Curve Function modeled by quadratic Bezier curves, where
we associate the remaining energy level of the cluster to its round operation length and
to its assigned criticality which is defned based on network energy level. This helps to
determine the number of frames in a round or how many times the data collection occurs
in a cluster in a round and the criticality of the energy in the WSN. Simulation results
reveal that the proposed mechanism has efectively reduced the energy consumption and
improved the WSN lifetime in both homogeneous and heterogeneous network settings.