The present study is conducted to assess physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis of Nile river water and well water as a source of drinking purposes in Qalubia, Egypt. The results obtained were compared with WHO and EPA standards for drinking water. Determination of temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, chlorides, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, pH, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn of water samples were carried out to evaluate the nature and quality of water. With exception of turbidity, calcium hardness and magnesium hardness of well water and Nile river water, also total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, calcium, iron and manganese of well water, the other physico chemical parameters were within the standard levels. The pretreatment with NR-CB nanocomposite; turbidity, iron, magnesium, calcium and manganese of well water and Nile river water were within standard levels after 2 h and 3 h of treatment. Non of the well water and Nile river water complied with bacteriological standards as total bacterial count, total coliform and fecal coliform. Pretreatment with NR-CB nanocomposite reduced total bacterial count, total coliform and fecal coliform to permissible limits according to EPA guide standards. Bacterial species (Aeromonas sobria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas putida and Leclercia adecarboxylata) that isolated from Nile river water and bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas sobria and Staphylococcus hominis) isolated from well water were completely removed from water after pretreatment with NR-CB nanocomposite.