Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic spread all over the world with 315, 345, 967confirmed cases and causing over 5,510,174 deaths till the mid of Jan 2022. Objective: This is to assess differences between the first and second waves and to determine risk factors of susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Methods: a retrospective study was conducted on 206 patients with COVID-19, confirmed with RT-PCR in Benha University Hospital. Medical records were reviewed for socio-demographic characters, co-morbidities, and investigations while data about preventive measures and healthy behavior, complications, recurrence, and vaccination status were completed by contacting patients by telephone. Results: Patients not committed to regular hand washing had 2.72 times risk higher than those who committed to regular hand washing to be isolated in hospital (OR=2.72 CI; 1.44-5.13; p