Artificial and natural hybridization of dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (2N = 50, DD for short) and large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus (2N = 48, PP for short) are well-grown. However, these hybrid loaches have not yet been examined for fertility and ploidy of gametes. Here, histological observations, artificial propagation, observations of embryonic development, larval morphology, and ploidy analyses were conducted to determine the fertility and ploidy of gametes of allodiploid (DP for short) and allotriploid (DDP for short) loaches, produced by DD females × PP males and induced from fertilized eggs of DD females × PP males by cold shock to prevent the second polar body release, respectively. The ovaries of DP and DDP included smaller number of eggs when compared with those of the control DD, while full-grown oocytes were observed. Testes of these two loaches were delayeddeveloped without spermatids or mature spermatozoa. Results obtained here showed that DP and DDP were fertility-weakened female and sterile male. Moreover, DP females and DDP females could, respectively, produce few viable haploid eggs and few viable haploid and diploid eggs. This study will provide valuable information for fish hybrid researches.