This study was designed to determine serum concentrations of macrophage migration inhibilOry factor (JvfIF) and interleukin-8 (lL-8) .in blunt ttauma patients and to evaluate their association with surgical decision-making and patienl outcome. The study included 45 trauma patients. All patients undenvent clinical evaluation using Injury Severity Sdore (ISS) and gave blood samples, within the first 4 hours after trauma for estimation ofserom levels ofMIF and lL-8 using ELISA technique. Patients were followed up for either discharge from IC U or the development ofadult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (JvfOD). There were 29 patients with 1{>S;:'25, 14 with ISS=25-50; 27 patients underwent surgical exploration (12 admitted to ICU and 15 were admitted to surgical wards); the other 18 patients were managed conservatively at either surgical ward or ICU according to their general condition. Thirtythree patients passed smooth follow-up free of morbidity and were discharged; whereas 7 patienLf developed ARDS, 3 developed SIRS arid 2 had MOD. Patients who developed complications had significantly higher (p