The aim of the present investigation is to study the machinability of A356/ Al2O3 nanocomposites under dry machining conditions. The A356/Al2O3 nanocomposites specimens were originally fabricated using a combination between the rheocasting and squeeze casting routes. The nanocomposites were reinforced with Al2O3 particulates having 60 and 200 nm having different volume fractions up to 5 vol.-%. The machinability of the A356/Al2O3 nanocomposites was investigated through measuring the cutting force components (Fa, Fr and Fc), tool flank wear, surface roughness of the machined specimens and the chip deformation ratio. The machinability parameters were obtained under different machining conditions. The inserts manufactured from coated carbides were used for machining the nanocomposites. The results revealed that the machinability of nanocomposites was improved by increasing the volume fraction and/or decreasing the nanoparticulates size. However, the cutting force components as well as the flank tool wear increase with increasing the volume fraction and/or the nanoparticulates size.