The genetic architecture for the number of kernels/spike, the 1000-kernel weight and plant groin yield of four barley varieties and their six diallel F 's crosses was studied. The results indicate that both additive and non addilive gene action affected the inheritance of the studied traits. The proportion of positive and negative alleles were equally distributed among the studied parents for the number of kernels per main spike, while for the other characters it seemed unequally distributed. Asymetrical gene distributed in the genetic background of the parents was detected for all characters. The number of ;,erne/s/spike and 1000-kernel weight were mainly controlled by the complete dominant gene effects, but grain yield/plant was under overdominance gene effects. One pair of genes controlled the number of kernels/spike and grain yield/plant, while 2-3 pairs of genes controlled the inheritance of 1000-kernel weight. Heritability in narrow sense was high for all traits. From Wr/Vr graphs, barley variety "Mari" exhibited dominant alleles concerning the nmber of kernels/spike and groin yield/plant. Variety Bonus showed similar results in addition to the 1000- kernel weight. Parents having recessive alleles were detected in Harrnal, Bonus and &lmi concerning the number of kernels/spike. The same occurred with Bomi regarding grain yield/plant and 1000 .•.kernel weight.