Backgrounds: Family violence hurts children, women, men and families, victims of abuse experience significant loss when their homebecomes a place of danger. Family violence affects the physical, emotional, financial and spiritual health of children and adults. Aim of work: study the epidemiological and medico-legal aspects of the reported cases of family violence and evaluate the role of medico-legal examination in diagnosis of the problem. Methods: comparative retrospective analysis of reports of family violence cases that had been received at medico legal region of great Cairo (Cairo and Giza), ministry of justice, Egypt, from January 2010 to December 2013. Results: In Cairo governorate the total number of cases were (160), while in Giza governorate the total number were (171) cases of family violence were recorded. In both studied governorates, married females, of 18-29 year old, and of low socioeconomic level, were the most common victims affected. The husbands were the most common offenders of family violence, contusions of the face and neck, inflicted by hands and feet were the most common injuries recorded, with complete recovery of most victims.