Anaemia during pregnancy in developing countries continues to be a major health problem of public health concern. The target of this study was 420 females aged 18 + years (pregnant women) who attended MCH center, Bertha city, in Kalyobia Governorate during the period from Sep-tember to November 2000. This study aimed at clarifying the prevalence of anaemia, the associated risk factors and the effect of iron supplemen-tation among the studied group. Results revealed that, the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia was 31.4% among the attendants. It was highly prevalent among rural inhabi-tants (65.9%), old aged pregnants (65..P/0). non-educated (67.4%) house-wives (78.8%) and women of tow social class (53.0%). A significant association was also found between anaemia and some variables related to pregnancy such as. period of gestation, number of previous pregnancies, number of abortions, interpregnancy spacing. iron supplementation during pregnancy, and the regularity of antenatal care (P