The main objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of adding definite amounts of two different surfactants to boiling distilled water on the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer performance using micro-structured heated tube. The tested surfactants are sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as anionic and Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) as cationic. Effects of both of surfactants concentration and surface roughness on heat transfer performance are experimentally studied. The results showed that the addition of definite amounts of aqueous anionic and cationic surfactants (SDS and CTAB) to the cooling water improves its physical and thermal properties and in turn improves the heat transfer coefficient in percentages reaching to 257 % for CTAB and 302 % for SDS using the most rough surface.