This study was designed to determine serum concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interleukin - 8 (IL-8) in blunt trauma patients and to evaluate their association with surgical decision – making and patient outcome. The study included 45 trauma patients. All patients underwent clinical evaluation using Injury Severity Score (ISS) and gave blood samples, within the first 4 hours after trauma for estimation of serum levels of MIF and IL-8 using ELISA technique. Patients were followed up for either discharge from ICU or the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MOD). There were 29 patients with ISS