The children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit regardless the reason of admission have varying degrees of anxiety, and those who have longer term admission complain of depression. this study was done on 50 children admitted to PICU matched for age, sex,and intelligence to 50 other children admitted to other wards in the hospital; to detect the different variables affecting their anxiety and depression. the following psychometrics tests were applied to the children the picture intelligence test(Saleh) child depression inventory(CDI) and anxiety scale by Gharib, as wellas Eysenck personality Inventory to mothers.The multiple regression analysis of variables revealed that the age,sex,severity of illness, level of mother's anxiety, previous admission and decreased frequency of visits are responsible for increasing the level of anxiety and depression