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publication name CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA EXTRACT ON BIOCHEMICAL, INFLAMMATORY, HISTOLOGICAL, AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN NANDROLONE DECANOATE INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN MALE ADULT ALBINO RATS
Authors Hend R. Mousa1, Abeer A. Eldeeb2, Ali M. Ali1
year 2023
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Abstract

Background: Nandrolone-decanoate (ND); is an anabolic steroid. Its toxic effects on the heart as arrhythmias, acute myocardial infarction, and sudden death have been recorded. Moringa oleifera extract (MOE); is a herbal extract used to treat various diseases due to its antioxidant effect. Aim; This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of MOE as a protective agent against cardiotoxicity induced by ND. Material and methods; Thirty-two adult male albino rats were allocated into four groups. Control group; MOE treated group; rats were given MOE by oral gavage (400 mg/kg/day) for four weeks. ND group; rats were injected ND S.C; at a dose of 20 mg/kg/week for four weeks. ND+MOE-treated group; rats simultaneously administrated ND; (20mg/kg/week S.C.) with MOE (400 mg/kg/day by oral gavage) for four weeks. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes were estimated. Also; MDA, GSH, SOD, IL-6, TNF- α, and IL-10 levels in cardiac tissue were estimated. Cardiac samples were processed to light, an immune-histochemical study using anti-P53 and anti-CX43 antibodies as well as electron microscopic examination. Morphometric; and statistical studies were done. Results; In the ND group, serum levels of cardiac biomarkers and cardiac tissue levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 were significantly increased with significant diminution in the activity of catalase, SOD, diminished GSH, and IL-10 in the cardiac tissues. Light; microscopic examination showed wide endomysium, inflammatory cell infiltration, and lacerated and wavy cardiac muscle fibres were observed. There was a marked deposition of collagen fibres at areas of interrupted muscle fibres. Positive; P53 immuno-expression in the nuclei and decreased expression of CX43 were observed. Ultra-structurally; interrupted myofibrils, dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum, and a disorganized intercalated disc was observed. In (ND+MOE) group; showed marked amelioration in the cardiac architecture and ultrastructure, down-regulation of P53, and CX43 immuno-expressions, and a significant reduction in serum level of cardiac biomarkers, and cardiac tissue levels of MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 with a significant increase in activity of catalase, SOD, diminished GSH and IL-10 in the cardiac tissues. Conclusion; MOE could alleviate the cardio-toxic effects induced by ND in rats through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant; and anti-apoptotic effects.

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