Microstructure characterization of Al-Mg alloy was produced as a function of plastic deformation degrees (0%-35.46%). The changes in the microstructure have been studied by using X-ray diffraction line profile analysis (XDLPA). The lattice parameter, crystallite size, average internal stress, microstrain and dislocation density of Al-Mg alloys were calculated. Both crystallite size and microstrain were found strongly contributing in the broadening of X-ray diffraction line. The obtained results showed that, the values of the crystallite size were found to be in the range of 480 - 540 nm and the values of the internal stress were found to be in the range of (-1.74x10^9) – (-2.49x10^9) dy/cm^2. Also, the values of micro-strain and dislocation density were found to be in the range of 5.25x10^–3 - 7⋅75x10^–3 and 3.48x10^10 - 6.18x10^10 line/cm2, respectively.