The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are widely used for capturing images in border area surveillance, disaster intensity monitoring, etc. An aerial photograph offers a permanent recording solution as well. But rapid weather change, low quality image capturing equipments results in low/poor contrast images during image acquisition by Autonomous UAV. In this current study, a well-known meta-heuristic technique, namely, Firefly Algorithm (FA) is reported to enhance aerial images taken by a Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (MUAV) via optimizing the value of certain parameters. These parameters have a wide range as used in the Log Transformation for image enhancement. The entropy and edge information of the images is used as an objective criterion for evaluating the image enhancement of the proposed system. Inconsistent with the objective criterion, the FA is used to optimize the parameters employed in the objective function that accomplishes the superlative enhanced image. A low-light imaging has been performed at evening time to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results illustrate that the proposed method has better convergence and fitness values compared to Particle Swarm Optimization. Therefore, FA is superior to PSO, as it converges after a less number of iterations.