This essay argues that Architecture is the major bearer of Civilization, over and above written text or actions and deeds. It starts by posing the question: What is Civilization and posits that Civilization is more than energy, will, and creative power. Such a statement is explored throughout major civilization periods: the Middle Ages, the Gothic Period, the Renaissance, the Baroque and Rococo, the 18th Century, and the Industrial Revolution from the vantage point of reasons for the rise and fall of civilizations.