This study aimed to assess the quality of nursing care provided to neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation. The study was conducted at different Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) affiliated to Benha City, namely Benha University, Specialized Pediatric and Benha Teaching Hospitals. The study sample composed of seventy nurses working at the previously mentioned setting and seventy neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation. Tools of data collection included questionnaire to assess the nurses' knowledge regarding quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation and observational checklists to assess the quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation at NICU. The results of this study revealed that, less than half (48.6%) of the studied nurses, had an average level of the total knowledge regarding mechanical ventilation and their role in care of neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation. While, 62.9% of the studied nurses had good level of total knowledge regarding quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation and more than half (55.7%) of the studied nurses, had poor level regarding quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation. The study concluded that, the nurses' knowledge in relation to quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation was good and more than half of them had poor level regarding quality of nursing care. The study recommended and emphasize the importance of improving the quality of nursing care for neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation through periodical educational programs.