A nation-wide profile of epidemiological statistics concerning with the prevalence of different forms of liver diseases in Egypt over the last 15 years, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its sequelae have here been integrated and analysed. Data were collected from both the records of the Ministry of Health and the results of all (123) Egyptian Universities theses dealing with the problem. It has been shown that the prevalence of HBV infection is steadly decreasing and the association of hepatitis with schistosmiases is becoming less pronounced. Histopathological patterns associated with hepatitis B surface antigenaemia (HbsAg) are analysed and compared over a period of 8 years. A restricted discriminatory vaccination program of groups at risk is recommended as the optimal strategy for HBV prevention.