This work aimes to evaluate the Mycoplasma Duo kit as a rapid method for detection of ureaplasma in
endotracheal aspirate samples from respiratory distressed premature neonates compared to conventional
culture media. Also its sensitivity and specificity were determined. This study was carried on 60
premature neonates (less than 35 gestational weeks) suffering from respiratory distress and
mechanically ventilated in neonatal intensive care unit.From all cases paired endotracheal aspirate
samples were collected aseptically and were transported in ureaplasma transport media to the laboratory
and processed immediately. One of each pair of the collected samples was cultured in both Ureaplasma
agar and broth cultures and others were cultured in Mycoplasma Duo kit.The number of ureaplasma
detected with both ureaplasma agar and broth cultures are 20 cases (33.33%) while those detected by
Mycoplasma DUO kit are 22 cases (36.67%).The Sensitivity of Mycoplasma Duo kit compared with
both Ureaplasma agar and broth cultures is (100%) and specificity is (95%).There is a highly significant
difference (P-value < 0.001) between Mycoplasma Duo kit and Ureaplasma agar and broth cultures as
regards the incubation time taken to get a result by both tests.