Bacterial cellulose (BC) in comparison with cotton stalks (CS) and their phosphonic dichloride derivatives for efficient removal of metal ions were investigated. BC and its phosphonic dichloride have the highest efficiency toward metal ion uptake, due to its low degree of polymerization and the largest surface area. FT-IR results showed two bands at 1198 cm-1 and 960 cm-1 that characteristic to C-O-P bond. Furthermore, the fragments obtained from mass spectrum was characteristic to six carbon sugar mono phosphonic dichloride for both BC and CS. X-ray diffractgram confirmed the presence of phosphorous group at 2θ =30ᵒ that corresponding to (211) plane.