Purpose To determine the outcomes of three
different techniques of strabismus surgery in
patients with convergence insufficiency
intermittent exotropia (CI-X(T)).
Patients and methods Sixty-seven patients
with CI-X(T) with near-distance disparity
(NDD) ≥ 10 prism diopter (PD) were included
in this 1-year follow-up prospective study and
were randomly divided into three groups:
slanted bilateral LR recession (S-BLR) group
in which 22 patients underwent bilateral
slanting recession of the lateral rectus (LR)
muscle, the I-RR group with 23 patients who
underwent improved unilateral medial rectus
(MR) resection and LR recession with the
amounts of resection and recession biased to
near and distance deviation, respectively, and
the A-BLR group with 22 patients who
underwent bilateral augmented LR recession
based on the near deviation. A successful
outcome at distant and near was defined as
exodeviation between 10 PD of exophoria/
tropia and 5 PD of esophoria/tropia.
Cumulative probabilities of success,
preoperative and postoperative distant, near
deviations, and NDD among groups were
analyzed and compared.
Results The success rate of distant
exodeviation, near exodeviation, and NDD in
the three groups after 1 year was statistically
insignificant (P=0.054, 0.233, and 0.142,
respectively). At the 1 year follow-up, vertical
pattern strabismus (V and A patterns) was a
feature of the S-BLR group, whereas the rate
of postoperative overcorrection and
undercorrection was significant in the A-BLR
and I-RR groups, respectively.
Conclusion The success rate of correction of
distant exodeviation, near exodeviation, and NDD was statistically indifferent among the
three groups. However, each procedure has its
specific postoperative concerns, which should
be considered before implementing in
patients with CI-X(T).