A five-year crossbreeding project involving Spanish maternal line called V-line (V) and Saudi Gabali (S) rabbits was carried out to synthesize new maternal and paternal lines to be used as parents in Saudi Arabia particularly in El-Qassim region. Ten genetic groups of V, S, ½V½S, ½S½V, ¾V¼S, ¾S¼V, (½V½S)2, (½S½V)2, (¾V¼S)2 and (¾S¼V)2 were produced through five generations. An animal model was used to estimate the heritabilities and permanent or common litter environmental effects. A generalized least square procedure was used to estimate direct Genetic genetic additive effects ( ), maternal genetic additive effects ( ), individual (HI) and maternal (HM) heterosis, and direct recombination effect (RI) for different data sets obtained.