This study aims to examine the role of human capital (education, labor, and innovation) in enhancing sustainable competitiveness and economic growth in Egypt compared with many countries over period from 1990 to 2016. The study will be divided into Chapter I: Education, Labor, Innovation, Competitiveness, Economic Growth: a theoretical framework, Chapter II: Human capital and competitiveness in some successful international experiences, Chapter III: The Egyptian economy and the reality of sustainable competitiveness: an overview, Chapter IV: Education, Labor, Innovation and Competitiveness and Sustainable Development: the case of Egypt; Chapter V: Education, Employment, Innovation, Competitiveness and Economic Growth: An Empirical Study, and Finally, the policy implications.