ABSTRACT
Purpose: This work investigates the possible renoprotective effects of date palm fruits and seeds extract against
renal ischemia and their underlying mechanisms.
Methods: 108-Sprague Dawle male rats were randomly allocated into 6 equal groups differently receiving
aqueous or methanolic fruit and seed extracts. Assay of serum creatinine, BUN and TNF-α, morphological examination of the left kidney, markers of the redox state (MDA, CAT, and GSH), the expression of TNFα and Nrf2
genes at the level of mRNA, the expression of caspase-3 and TGF-β proteins by immunohistochemistry were
performed.
Results: 45-min renal I/R caused significant deterioration of kidney functions (increase in serum creatinine and
BUN) and morphology (P < 0.001) and significant reduction in CAT activity and GSH levels with significant
increase in serum TNF-α and MDA concentration and the expression of Nrf2, caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β in
kidney tissues. Pre-treatment with either date palm fruit or seed extracts significantly improved kidney functions
and morphology (P ≤ 0.001) with a significant increase in the expression of Nrf2 and CAT activity, and GSH
concentration and a reduction in serum TNF-α and expression of caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Administration of date palm extracts exhibited a renoprotective effect against renal I/R injury.This
renoprotective action might be due to their antioxidants, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions.
Moreover, aqueous fruit extracts offered powerful renoprotective effect than aqueous seed extracts, and aqueous
fruit and seed extracts were generally more effective than methanolic extracts.