Abstract: Background: the second stage of labor is a period of increased risk for the fetus. So, providing safe
and effective pushing methods to assist women deliver babies is an important goal in the management of the
obstetric practice.
Aim of the study: aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of spontaneous versus Valsalva pushing
techniques at the second stage of labor among primipara women on labor outcomes.
A Quasi-experimental design was adopted in the current study.
Setting: The study was conducted at the vaginal delivery unit in Benha University Hospital during the period
from January 2014 to December 2014.
Subjects: A convenience sample of a total 284 of primipara women were recruited in the current study.
130primipara women were recruited in the valsalva pushing group.while 154 women of them were recruited in
spontaneous pushing group.
Tools: Three tools were used in the current study to collect the necessary data,structured interviewing
questionnaire Sheet, fatigue assessment and analysis scale and Apgar score:
Results of the study showed a highly statistical significant difference between two groups regarding the
duration of the second stage,fatigue and energy subscales scores, and Apgar score of the neonate during both
first and fifth minute (p