Rapid sampling (460 ms), long cue-probe delays and advanced analytic techniques (deconvolution) were therefore used to quantify the magnitude and variability of neural responses during the AX Continuous Performance Test (AX-CPT; N=46) in humans. Behavioral results indicated slower reaction times during reactive CC (AY trials) in conjunction with decreased accuracy and increased variability for proactive CC (BX trials). The anterior insula/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (aI/VLPFC) were commonly activated across comparisons of both proactive and reactive CC.